Why the Pakistan-Saudi Arabia Defence Pact Is Unsettling India
On 17 September 2025, Pakistan and Saudi Arabia signed the Strategic Mutual Defence Agreement (SMDA), under which any aggression against one will be considered an act of aggression against both. This deal formalizes enhanced military cooperation and joint deterrence between Islamabad and Riyadh. For India, which has historically been wary of Pakistan’s strategic alliances, this […]